Sprinkler irrigation

Technology and benefits for agriculture

Sprinkler irrigation is a water distribution system that simulates natural precipitation. This technology ensures a uniform water supply to crops, optimises water consumption and improves production efficiency. To ensure maximum efficiency, it is essential to carefully choose the components of the sprinkler irrigation system, considering parameters such as pressure, flow rate and distribution uniformity.

Sprinkler irrigation: what it is, advantages and disadvantages how it works

Sprinkler irrigation is a popular technique for watering large areas and is particularly suitable for crops and vegetables such as maize, potatoes, carrots etc. This method offers several advantages, including the ability to cover large areas with a limited number of sprinklers, making it cost-effective for large areas. However, it is important to consider that sprinkler irrigation can result in greater water loss than other techniques, such as drip irrigation, as the water is distributed in a more dispersed manner and can evaporate quickly. To avoid wasting water, a controller can be used to set the frequency and duration of irrigation.

How does sprinkler irrigation work?

An agricultural sprinkler irrigation system consists of a pump, distribution pipes and sprinklers. The pump is responsible for drawing water from reservoirs, wells or streams and moving it through the system. The pipes, made of materials resistant to pressure and weathering, transport the water to the sprinklers, which distribute it in the form of drops. The sprinklers vary according to pressure and flow rate, allowing the irrigation intensity to be adjusted to the specific needs of the crop and the weather conditions.

Pumps and motor pumps for sprinkler irrigation

Pumps are the heart of the agricultural irrigation system, determining the pressure and flow rate of the water delivered. The most commonly used types are centrifugal pumps, suitable for large flow systems with medium-low pressure, and turbine or positive displacement pumps, used for systems requiring high pressures and greater precision in water distribution.

Motor pumps are an alternative to electric pumps in sprinkler irrigation systems, especially when access to the power grid is limited or when a mobile solution is required. These devices, equipped with an internal combustion engine, allow water to be drawn and pushed with adequate pressure to feed the sprinklers, ensuring even distribution even in fields far from the main water sources. Centrifugal motor pumps are the most widely used for sprinkler irrigation as they offer high flow rate and continuous operation with optimised energy consumption.

Pipes and distribution networks for agricultural irrigation systems

Pipes play a crucial role in field irrigation, as they must ensure efficient water distribution without significant pressure losses. The most common materials for pipes are steel and aluminium, due to their resistance to pressure and weathering.

The design of the distribution network must take into account the length of the pipes, the appropriate diameter to minimise pressure losses and the layout of the sprinklers to ensure even coverage of the field.

Pipes and distribution networks for agricultural irrigation systems

Sprinklers and spray heads

Sprinklers are the component that determines the effectiveness of field irrigation, influencing droplet size, distribution angle and operating pressure. There are different types of sprinklers, including medium and low-pressure sprinklers, suitable for delicate crops to avoid soil compaction, and high-pressure sprinklers, more suitable for soils with high water coverage requirements. Sprinkler wings, often used in hose reels, allow targeted and adjustable delivery, reducing waste and optimising system efficiency.

Sprinkler irrigation machinery: hose reels, pivots and linear systems

Agricultural irrigation systems include various technological solutions that vary according to the specific needs of the field. Among the most versatile systems are hose reels, which are ideal for sprinkler irrigation over large areas: they are equipped with a reel that allows progressive and adjustable irrigation, with high-efficiency sprinklers and optimised pressure management. Pivot systems are rotating structures that cover large areas with high distribution accuracy, while linear systems advance along the field ensuring homogeneous irrigation over rectangular areas, reducing the risk of overlapping or non-irrigated areas.

Using high quality components for agricultural irrigation systems maximises productivity and ensures an efficient and sustainable water supply, helping to improve farm profitability. Rain Carnevali offers a complete range of pumps, motor pumps, sprinklers and accessories designed to ensure high performance and optimal water distribution. Thanks to our experience in the sector, we provide solutions for every sprinkler irrigation need, helping you choose the best components for your system.